Tuesday, December 31, 2019
How Hunger Affects Many Countries - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 695 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: World Hunger Essay Did you like this example? World hunger is something not only affecting few in smaller countries but affecting many in most countries. In todays society, many people have blinders on to this world problem, and they choose to ignore the situation by acting as if it is insignificant since it has no direct effect on them personally. World hunger is, and will continue to be, a great problem if the world does not take action. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Hunger Affects Many Countries" essay for you Create order The reason being that there is a cyclic rotation from generation to generation. This causes millions of individuals and families to worry daily about where their next meal might come from. Hunger affects many countries, not just those considered third world, in many different ways that majority of the world has yet to understand. Statistically speaking, world hunger has a great impact on approximately 854 million people in the world, almost 14% of the total population (Hittfield, 2009). Hunger is an issue in every country, but some areas have it worse than others. Asia has the highest number of malnourished individuals due to the sheer size (Syndicate, 2018). Asia being a large land mass means that the amount of food availability is not enough to feed everyone. If they are fortunate enough to eat, the chances of the population getting enough nourishment is rare. In Sub-Saharan Africa, more than one of four suffered from chronic hunger in 2017 (Syndicate, 2018). World hunger has become a serious issue that cannot be ignored even if it does not affect our part of the world. Agriculture seems to be one of the lagging economic sectors of the last two decades and fixing this alone could significantly reduce starvation rates. The problem of hunger is increasing again just as the World Bank and several United Nation s agencies have recently implied (Cowen, 2012). Drought is a key affecting factor in the topic of hunger. Due to low water supply, crops begin to die off and people run out of food. Once the drought problem is resolved, the people can no longer afford the crops because of the inflation on prices set by farmers to make up for their lost income. The sociological impact world hunger has made is nearly catastrophic. Africa has the biggest conflict when it comes to world hunger. Approximately 27.4% of the population in Africa was classified as severely food insecure in 2016, which is almost four times as high as any other region (Dorosh, 2017). Most of the time when people identify as hungry it is usually because of the poverty level they live in. It is proven that when someone lives in poverty they will most likely go hungry within the next few years. That has a huge role on the sociological impact in the world today. There are many reasons why continents such as Africa, Asia, and Latin America have such a high poverty rate and hunger conflicts. One being war, or the threat of war, which is a major factor in diverting resources from agriculture development into military hardware, disrupting the production of food (Collins, 1998). Also, the climate/weather in Africa and Latin America cause issues with hunger simply because they cannot grow enough crops in order to produce enough food for everyone in need. In todayrs society, most people do not realize how significant this problem happens to be. They are blinded by their own problems and cannot see that roughly 805 million people go malnourished on a daily basis (Black, 2008). The number of starving individuals and families in the world is far too many. The sociological impact that world hunger plants is quite significant in regard to other issues. The issue of world hunger is not one that can be cured overnight. It will take millions doing their part in order to accomplish the goal to end world hunger. The problem started during the occurrence of World War I and is continuing getting worse. Almost 804 million people are considered to be malnourished and starved. This has been a crisis for many years that the well-nourished population of the world tend to put on the back burner. World hunger is a serious issue and without serious efforts on all of our parts, it will not get better but instead continue to become worse.
Monday, December 23, 2019
Language Acquisition Theories Behaviorism, Linguistic...
Introduction Within the field of education, according to Christie and Enz (2011), there are four different language acquisition theories: behaviorism, linguistic nativism, social interactionism, and the neurobiological perspective. According to Christie and Enz (2011), behaviorist insinuates that nurturing, which is the way a child is taught or sculpted by parents and the surroundings, plays a principal position in childrenââ¬â¢s language advancement. The nativist perspective is the opposite of the behaviorist perspective; nativists believe every child has an innate ability to ascertain language and that a child learns to communicate even without the support from parents or caregivers (Christie, J. Enz, B., 2011). The social-interactionist viewpoint is not partial to either view points of the nature versus nurture argument, meaning they share with behaviorists the believe that environment plays a central role in childrenââ¬â¢s langue development along with sharing the view point of the nativists by believing that children posses an innate predisposition to learning language and social-interactionists stress the childââ¬â¢s own intentional participate in language learning and the construction of meaning (Christie, J. Enz, B., 2011). The last the one is the neurobiological perspective, which is one that supports elements of the other three vies of language attainment and is the belief that the capacity to learn language begins with brain cells called neurons (Christie, J. Enz,
Sunday, December 15, 2019
Native American Cultural Assimilation Free Essays
Native American Cultural Assimilation from the Colonial Period to the Progressive October 2, 2011 Introduction Although the first European settlers in America could not have survived without their assistance, it was not long before the Native Americans were viewed as a problem population. They were an obstacle to the expansion plans of the colonial government and the same to the newly formed United States. The Native Americans were dealt with in various ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Native American Cultural Assimilation or any similar topic only for you Order Now During expansion some were outright exterminated through war while others forcibly made to relocate to lands deemed less than ideal. The idea was to make them vanish ââ¬â out of sight, out of mind. Though their numbers in terms of population and tribal groups dwindled, they persisted and continued to be a problem in the eyes of the federal government. In the latter part of the nineteenth century the United States government instituted a new way to wage war against the Native Americans. This involved assimilating their children through government-run boarding and day schools. Federal policy-makers were sure that by giving the Native American children an American-style education, they would eventually evolve into ââ¬Å"Americansâ⬠and return to their reservations, but forsaking their previous culture, traditions and way of thinking. The federal government assumed that as the aged died off and, with the children assimilated, within a few generations at most, there would be no need for reservations or Indian policy, thus accomplishing the original goal of making them vanish. There is little doubt that assimilation through education failed on almost all fronts, but through my research I hope to uncover some positives for the Native American children, especially those affected by late nineteenth century Indian policy which removed them from their families and, in some cases, sent them into an alien world hundreds of miles away. Throughout the history of, especially, European imperialism, ââ¬Å"the relationships between indigenous peoples and colonizers usually proceed through a series of phases. Generally speaking, the first phase involved the establishment of colonies which meant the disruption of Native societies and usually the displacement of people. In most cases, there was some degree of violence and if complete domination was not swift, treaties were drawn up by ââ¬Å"resetting territorial boundaries in order to maintain a degree of order. â⬠Because resource and land acquisition was the main goal of the colonizers in the first place, treatie s seldom lasted and violence continued. In most cases, the next phase in colonialism to lessen violence and restore order was to try assimilation. Assimilation could mean turning the indigenous population into a work force or perhaps a marginalized group of ââ¬Ëothersââ¬â¢ who speak the colonizers languageâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ [1] As colonial expansion kept growing in North America, assimilation was attempted on several levels. Attempts were made at outright Native American removal from their lands and, when that did not work, religion was probably the most widespread ââ¬Å"weaponâ⬠of the colonizers to subdue the Natives. Priests, Catholic and Protestant, (usually backed by an armed force) were more often than not unsuccessful in their attempts to force civilization on the Natives. 2] Assimilation by this means was further complicated because of competing religions. Natives who embraced Catholicism offered by French or Spanish colonizers further distanced themselves from Britis h colonizers and vice versa. European wars of the 17th and 18th centuries between Catholic and Protestant powers carried over into the North American colonies and the Native Americans were situated in a no-win situation. As a result of victories in these wars, not only did 1. Holm, Tom. The Great Confusion in Indian Affairs. pp. 1-2. 2. Findling and Thackeray, eds. Events that Changed America in the Seventeenth Century. p. 72. the British resent Native Americans who fought against them in the wars, they crept deeper into Native American territory until their defeat in the American Revolution. [3] Now, what had been colonial expansion in America turned into national expansion of the newly created United States. As the eighteenth-century came to a close and the major players in expansion had changed, policy toward Native Americans stayed essentially the same it had been under the British. Early in the nineteenth-century and the Louisiana Purchase in hand,â⬠â⬠¦ (Thomas) Jefferson, much as he struggled with the issue (Indian policy), could simply not envision a future for the United States that included a place for ââ¬ËIndians as Indians. ââ¬â¢ As president, Jefferson tried to design an Indian policy that would humanely assimilate Native Americans into the new republic, but his vision of national expansion turned out not to have any room for Native Americans. [4] Those who refused or resisted assimilation would be forcibly pushed westward to lands deemed unfit for anything by most Americans. [5] As expansion increased further West, the Native Americans faced another subtle weapon in addition to religion from the government in its attempt to subdue them ââ¬â American-style education. Years of violence, forced removal to Indian Territory and forced religious indoctrination had failed to solve what the federal government referred to as ââ¬Å"the Indian problem. [6] the Native Americans may not have flourished in their new land, but they survived and would not go away. As a result, American policy shifted from trying to vanquish the Indians to trying to make them vanish. Starting as an experiment in the early nineteenth-century and continuing until it became 3. Hightower-Langston, Donna. Native American World. p. 365. 4. Conn, Steven. Historyââ¬â¢s Shadow. p. 3. 5. Garrison, Tim Alan. The Legal Ideology of Removal. p. 7. 6. Ninkovich, Frank. Global Dawn. p. 185. olicy in the last quarter of the century, new Indian policy would be to extinguish Native American cultures through an American-style education of the young. The thinking was, educate the Native American children to American culture to assimilate them and, for the time being, contend with the adults on reservations. The idea behind this was, after a few generations, the adults would die off and the new generations of American educated, assimilated ââ¬Å"citizensâ⬠would survive, but not their old cultures and ways of life. The balance of this paper will focus on the assimilation through education policy. ââ¬Å"In 1794 the nation made its first Indian treaty specifically mentioning education, and many more treaties would contain similar offers and even demands for compulsory schooling of tribal children. In 1819 Congress provided a specific ââ¬Ëcivilization fundââ¬â¢ of $10,000 for the ââ¬Ëupliftââ¬â¢ of Indians, and the assimilationist campaign continued to employ legislation, treaty making (until 1871), and other expedients to achieve its goals. Initially the United States government through its office/ Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), depended upon Christian missionary societies, but by the later nineteenth century the government dominated the educational effort, having established a loose system of hundreds of day schools, on-reservation boarding schools, and off-reservation boarding schools, BIA and missionary schools together to Christianize, ââ¬Ëcivilizeââ¬â¢, and Americanize Indian children: the rigidly ethnocentric curriculum aimed to strip them of tribal cultures, languages, and spiritual concepts and turn them into ââ¬Ëcultural brokersââ¬â¢ who would carry the new order back to their own peoples. â⬠[7] 7. Coleman, Michael C. American Indians, the Irish, and Government Schooling. pp. 1-2. The idea of targeting Native American children for ââ¬â¢civilization trainingââ¬â¢ actually began in the seventeenth-century in New England where Native children were separated from their families and situated in ââ¬Å"praying towns. â⬠A Christian education was aimed at the children ââ¬Å"because they (the colonists) believed (Native American) adults were too set in their ways to become Christianized. â⬠[8] From this early attempt at assimilation through education, Native American education developed into fairly formal on-reservation schools run by churches and missionary societies, with limited funding by Congress. These schools were made possible after such actions as the Indian Removal Act which concentrated Native Americans in Indian territories and under somewhat more control of the federal government. These mostly denominational schools offered the only American-style, limited as it was, education until after the American Civil War. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ after the conflict (Civil War) the nation developed the Peace Policy, an approach that gave schools a renewed prominence. The carnage of the war encouraged reformers to find new ways to deal with Native nations other than warfare. â⬠[9] Under this peace, the federal government was to provide the necessary funding for ââ¬Å"schools, administrators, and teachers. â⬠[10] There was some funding for the policy by Congress, but not nearly enough. With limited funding, day schools were established on reservations. One-room schools were the norm where ââ¬Å"government officials encouraged a curriculum of academic and vocational subjects, and sometimes the Office of Indian Affairs paid a reservation carpenter, farmer, or blacksmith to offer courses. â⬠[11] 8. Keller, Ruether, eds. Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. pp. 97-8. 9. Trafzer, Keller and Sisquoc, eds. Boarding School Blues. p. 11. 10. ibid. p. 11. 11. ibid. p. 12. About the same time these one-room schools were being established, Commissioner of Indian Affairs Edward P. Smith submitted his annual report favoring boarding schools over day schools. In his report ââ¬Å"Smith stated that the use of English and the elimination of Native languages was the key to assimilation and civilization. â⬠[12] In a plan for national system of Indian schools (October 18890 sent to the Secretary of the Interior, a successor of Smithââ¬â¢s, Thomas J. Morgan, offered the following: When we speak of the education of the Indians, we mean that comprehensive system of training and instruction which will convert them into American citizens, put within their reach the blessings which the rest of us enjoy, and enable them to compete successfully with the white man on his own ground and with his own methods. Education is to be the medium through which the rising generation of Indians are to be brought into fraternal and harmonious relationship with their white fellow citizens, and with them enjoy the sweets of refined homes, the delight of social intercourse, the emoluments of commerce and trade, the advantages of travel, together with the pleasures that come from literature, science, and philosophy, and the solace and stimulus afforded by a true religion. [13] Carlisle Indian Industrial School Ten years prior to Commissioner Morganââ¬â¢s report, Richard Henry Pratt, a former United States Army officer who had commanded a unit of African American ââ¬Å"Buffalo Soldiersâ⬠and 12. Trafzer, Keller and Sisquoc, eds. Boarding School Blues. p. 12. 13. Prucha, Francis Paul. Documents of United States Indian Policy. p. 177. Indian scouts in Indian Territory following the Civil War, began his own quest of assimilation through education. In 1879, he ââ¬Å"secured the permission of the Secretary of the Interior, Carl Shurz, and Secretary of the War Department McCrary to use a deserted military base as the site of his school. â⬠[14] Using this site in Pennsylvania, he felt that he could take Native American children from the reservations and by distancing them from tribal influences, turn them into Americans. With the site secured and community support behind him, the next step was to recruit students. He headed to the Dakota Territory where he was tasked to bring back Native American children to Carlisle. Aided by a teacher/interpreter, Pratt was able to bring back the first class of 82 students. Unfortunately, when he got back to Pennsylvania, necessary basic living supplies previously promised to them by the Bureau of Indian Affairs were not to be found. ââ¬Å"The children slept on the floor in blankets. â⬠[15] In time, some funding was secured privately from ââ¬Å"former abolitionists and Quakers who were eager to be involved in his success and who often visited the school. â⬠Using his military background, the school (for both boys and girls) was modeled after a military academy. Instilling discipline and a sense of ââ¬Å"timeâ⬠was important to Pratt if he was to make progress with the children and, as one of his former teachers commented on the children, ââ¬Å"they have been systematically taught self-repression. â⬠[16] Although that first recruiting class consisted of only 82 students, by the time the school was at full operating capacity (the school survived 39 years), enrollment averaged 1000 students. [17] 14. Landis, Barbara. ââ¬Å"Carlisle Indian Industrial School History. â⬠http://home. epix. net/~ Landis/histry. html 15. ibid. 16. ibid. 17. ibid. Other Indian Schools Similar types of federal Indian boarding schools were located in the West. They may have been physically closer to reservations, but had the same ideals and philosophy of Carlisle. With military-type discipline, children were ââ¬Ëencouragedââ¬â¢ to leave their Native American culture behind and accept Americanization. One of the best known of these schools, the Haskell Indian Institute, was located in Lawrence , Kansas. [18] It differed from most Indian schools in the East in that, after a few years (and graduates) it, like other western Indian schools began to staff itself with former students in teacher and, in some cases, administrative roles. [19] Another Native American school of note was the Flandreau Indian School, opened in 1893 in eastern South Dakota primarily for Ojibwe and Dakota students in its early years. [20] Like Haskell, its main function was industrial education for boys and domestic science for girls. No matter which school the children attended, Carlisle, Haskell, or Flandreau, there were common problems faced by the children: ââ¬Å"initiation (into the white manââ¬â¢s universe), discipline, and punishment, along with overall problems ââ¬â and achievements ââ¬â of pupil adjustment. â⬠[[21] Some children absolutely resisted Americanization ââ¬â a favorite form of resistance was arson and those who, at least on the face of it, accepted ââ¬Å"the white manââ¬â¢s waysâ⬠were often subjected to rejection by their peers or elders or suspicion by non-Indians. 18. Warren, Kim Cary. The Quest for Citizenship. p. 15. 19. ibid. p. 15. 20. Child, Brenda J. Boarding School Seasons. p. 7. 21. Coleman, Michael C. American Indians, the Irish, and Government Schooling. p. 8. Conclusion Throughout my research there was a common theme in the sources I used ââ¬â one group trying to impose its will on another. I realize that most of this paper has seemed like an indictment against, first, the European colonizers, then the European-American expansionists and, finally, the Americans in their treatment of Native American peoples, despite what may have seemed, at least some of the time, noble intentions. Sobeit. Actions by Native Americans against non-Native Americans have almost always been reactionary. Throughout history this was evident. In early colonial America, fighting between the French and English (initially in Europe and other parts of the world) spilled over into North America ââ¬Ëto the contested margins of their empires. Native Americans in league with the French initiated what became King Williamââ¬â¢s War when they helped massacre British settlers of Schenectady, New York, on February 9, 1690. [22] The Native American motive for participating proba bly was not to see further expansion of French territory into Native American land, but more likely a response to years of violence committed by the British toward them. Moving ahead a couple of centuries, it seemed like the united States government still held to the mindset that ââ¬Å"the only good Indian is a dead Indian,ââ¬â¢ not necessarily dead in a physical sense, but dead in a cultural sense. Continued expansion westward was problematic for the federal government because every time there was another ââ¬Å"pushâ⬠, there always seemed to be Native Americans in its way. Violence in many forms against the Native Americans to try to vanquish them had little success, so new policy, though experimental at first, was implemented in the nineteenth-century and gained support of so-called reformers. The new 22. Bobrick, Benson. Angel in the Whirlwind. pp. 18-19 policy was designed, not to vanquish the Native Americans, but make them vanish. To make them vanish, again not so much physically, but culturally, the federal government adopted policies demanding assimilation. This assimilation would be accomplished by educating the Native American young in a way that would ââ¬Å"Americanizeâ⬠them. After their Americanization the young would take their training either back to the reservation or mainstream America, leaving their Indian culture behind, thus making the Indian culture gradually vanish. To this end, ââ¬Å"the federal government began its boarding school program for Native Americans during the late nineteenth-century as part of a crusade by a coalition of reformers who aimed to assimilate Native Americans into dominant Anglo-Protestant society through education. With a fervor that was partly evangelical and partly militaristic, the creators of the boarding school system hoped that through education, they could bring about a mass cultural conversion by waging war upon Native American identities and cultural memories. â⬠[23] The negatives of the new Native American assimilation/education program far outweighed the positives. The Native American children were cast into what was essentially a whole new world very alien to them. One seemingly small example of this change was the wearing of shoes. Some children had never worn shoes in their lives, but were suddenly forced to wear them. The children were disciplined harshly for speaking anything but English in the schools; harassed by peers, reservation elders and, sometimes, suspicious non-American Indians depending on the degree they accepted assimilation; taught trades and skills that were becoming obsolete; and, probably worst of all, so psychologically confused, many were later unable to function on the reservation or in the white manââ¬â¢s world. 23. Bloom, John. To Show What an Indian Can Do. p. xii On the positive side of boarding schools, many children were removed from situations of abject poverty and given room and board. The food and living arrangements were totally foreign to them, but it was better than they had previously known. Moving the children from the reservations also kept them quarantined from the disease prevalent there. One of the benefits of completing their boarding school experience was that many graduates later began to staff the schools, especially in the West, somewhat lessening ââ¬Å"whiteâ⬠influence and the schoolââ¬â¢s ability (and will) to make cultures and ways completely disappear, a positive for the Native Americans, but a prime example of the failure of the schools to carry out federal policy. Though most of the education the children was rudimentary, at best, but in some cases students embraced learning and took their education to the next level. They went on to more formal schools and used their training and education back on the reservations to become leaders with a better understanding of the Native American/American relationship, while others infiltrated local, territorial, state or federal Indian agencies once manned only by white bureaucrats, most who were ignorant when it came to dealing with Native American problems. Assimilation had failed as a governmental policy and, as more and more educated Native Americans left the reservations and adapted to the white world, while retaining fundamental culture and ways, and was replaced by acculturation. Acculturation was not a federal policy, it describes a necessary survival tool used by the Native American to preserve what little was left of their cultures and ways of life. Instead of their educations making them subservient to their master (the federal government), education allowed those Native Americans with the desire and wit to attain respect. Gaining this respect from both their own people, as well as the ââ¬Å"whiteââ¬â¢ American people took time, but with it came, little by little, more agency and the ability, right and courage to have a say in how their lives were to play out. As bad a reputation as they have had in the past and even to this day, the fact that reservations still exist shows the unwillingness of some Native Americans to let their traditions die. The popularity of Indian art, jewelry and music serves to keep the cultures going. Just as the early settlers of the West found out, they are everywhere, though in decreasing numbers, and will not go away. Works Cited 1. Bloom, John. To Show What an Indian Can Do: Sports at Native American Boarding Schools. Minneapolis, MN, USA, University of Minnesota Press, 2000. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/Doc? id=10151303 2. Bobrick, Benson. Angel in the Whirlwind: The Triumph of the American Revolution. New York, NY, USA, Penguin Books, 1998. 3. Child, Brenda J. Boarding School Seasons; American Indian Families, 1900-1940. Lincoln, NE, USA: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/Doc? id=10015709 4. Coleman, Michael C. American Indians, the Irish, and Government Schooling: A Comparative Study. Lincoln, NE, USA: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=184858 5. Conn, Steven. Historyââ¬â¢s Shadow: Native Americans and Historical Consciousness in the Nineteenth Century. Chicago, Il, USA: University of Chicago Press, 2004. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=262649 6. Findling, John E. and Frank W. Thackeray, eds. Events that Changed America through the Seventeenth Century. Westport, CT, USA: Greenwood Press, 2000. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=77716 7. Garrison, Tim Alan. The Legal Ideology of Removal: The Southern Judiciary and the Sovereignty of Native American Nations. Athens, GA, USA: The University of Georgia Press, 2002. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=103178 8. Hightower-Langston, Donna. Native American World. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley Sons, Inc. , 2003. http://netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=79081 9. Holm, Tom. The Great Confusion in Indian Affairs: Native Americans and Whites in the Progressive Era. Austin, TX, USA: The University of Texas Press, 2005. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/Doc? id=1010671 10. Keller, Rosemary Skinner, Rosemary Radford Ruether and Marie Cantlon, eds. Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America. Bloomington, IN, USA: Indiana University Press, 2006. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=171513 11. Landis, Barbara. ââ¬Å"Carlisle Indian Industrial School History. â⬠http://home. epix. net/~landis/histry. html 12. Ninkovich, Frank. Global dawn: the Cultural Foundation of American Internationalism, 1865-1890. Harvard University Press, 2009. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/Doc? id=10402533 13. Prucha, Francis Paul, ed. Documents of United States Indian Policy. Lincoln, NE, USA: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. http://www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=53529 14. Trafzer, Clifford E. , Jean a. Keller and Lorene Sisquoc, eds. Boarding School Blues: Revisiting American Indian Educational Experiences. Lincoln, NE, USA: University of Nebraska Press, 2006. http;//www. netlibrary. com. ezproxy1. apus. edu/urlapi. asp? action=summaryv=1bookid=162267 15. Warren, Kim Cary. The Quest For Citizenship: African American and Native American Education in Kansas, 1880-1935. Chapel Hill, NC, The University of North Carolina Press, 2010. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/apus/Doc? id=10425421 How to cite Native American Cultural Assimilation, Papers
Saturday, December 7, 2019
Ethics Essential ICT Professionals
Question: Discuss about the Ethics Essential for ICT Professionals. Answer: Introduction This particular essay is prepared in view of analyzing ethical considerations in ICT organization for the professionals. The content of the essay is structured with identifying an article showing ethical essentiality for ICT professionals along with showing some major aspects. These aspects were considerably presented centering one single question as If you were sacked tomorrow, would you do damage on your way out of the organization? (Aynsley 2015). Now answer to this question show at what extent, ethical dilemma is present in ICT organization. Approximately 85% of the professionals agreed to damage way out of organization if they were terminated from service (Warren and Lucas 2016). Some situations and scenarios were included in the later paragraph to show some other instances of unethical incidents causing huge impact over customers. In the event that on ICT expert is taking after this ACS code of ethics, individual ought not permit any deceptive or improper utilization of innovat ion; they ought to block dishonest utilization of innovation comply with ACS code. Ethics essential for ICT professionals: Discussion and Analysis The primary question was raised in this newspaper article as If you were sacked tomorrow, would you do damage on your way out of the organization? This question was raised in system administration conference in US, several years before; in front of several delegates (Ferguson, Thornley and Gibb 2016). A source confirmed that 85% of the ICT professionals have staggering yes answer to the question. Most of the analysts have conveyed their view as this result of 85% positive opinion is quite unnatural. Additionally, ICT professionals have confirmed that they have recognized their obligations in ethical and responsible manner. Furthermore, there were countless instances of employees facing charges of corruption, guilty of theft, hacking, and other form of misconduct and offences (Al-Saggaf, Burmeister and Weckert 2016). In following few years duration, the senior ICT managers of New South Wales TAFE, the Commonwealth Bank and Sydney University, were charged with criminal offences. Queens land Healths case against IBM was covered with allegations of misleading and deceptive conduct and it was under court verdict in Brisbane (Edwards 2016). On the other hand, in Ashley Madison era, the personal and confidential identity of customers was disclosed online, after the site was hacked; despite the organization has promised that those disclosed information was deleted (Leicester 2016). These were the common yet popular instances of ethical misconduct and events in the current scenario. Now, as an ICT professional, the employees should play a pervasive role of conducting themselves with subject to major correction of their behavior. Legitimately, the ICT managers refer themselves as professionals, whereas the best practice of ethical conduct should not only follow the bylaw legislations but also individually they should conduct ethically and with utter responsiveness (Aynsley, 2015). The ACS code of ethics is prepared with a benchmark for controlling their members and as well as the ICT practitioners for valuing professional work standard. In six principles adhered in ACS code of ethics, the ICT professionals should follow: primacy of public interest, enhancement of quality of life, honesty, competence, professional development, and professionalism (Tondeur et al. 2016). However, these mentioned principles are not only the bylaw legislation requirements, but also the principles were needed to be considered for any use of technology consequences. The technology can b e utilized for the organization and / or the wider community of resources (Hemsley et al. 2016). In case on ICT professional is following this ACS code of ethics, he or she should not allow any unethical or inappropriate use of technology; they should hinder unethical use of technology abide by ACS code. Along with emerging big data, cloud computing, and social media developments; the technology is currently a bigger part of any organization with offering new and faster approaches to gather information (Boddy and Dominelli 2016). However, big data, cloud computing, and social media developments play major role in conducting business and planning business for ensuring business methodologies in practice. Ethical conduct required the ICT professionals to imply their actions to staff, customers, and other resources. In this modern technology adoption era, Facebook is widely used by the policymakers and community for conducting content feed experiments. The Facebook feeds were used to test impact on peoples emotions and this test was subjected to over half a million users as well (Aynsley, 2015). This test was labeled as invasion of privacy breaching ethical considerations over informed consent. However, the users had no idea of this manipulative testing causing significant impact on thei r emotions. As technology is evolving at a higher rate; therefore, the legislative framework should be updated in accordance with definitive guidelines of capabilities. Ethical considerations should consider the gaps where legislation is not prepared and yet to some limitations the ethical consideration should outlaw (Lang, Craig and Casey 2016). ICT professionals should lead considering the ethical implications for ensuring no one has negative impact as per their efforts. This newspaper article poses a challenge of active ethical commitment with turning someone with difficult questions. The article raises another query to depict the best practice of showing well-versed ethical issues and steps to ensure ethical righteousness (Ponce and Gomez 2016). Some researchers have incorporated the fact of following certified professionalism. The certified professionalism followed with some points as underneath: Standout from Other Personnel in Organization: The certification assessment from ACS depicts that individual skills and knowledge in marketplace should be placed against independent and internationally recognized benchmark. ACS undertook the formal skills for conducting nearly 100,000 ICT professionals during previous decade (Keeble 2016; Lloyd, Downes and Romeo 2016). ACS ensures customers with empowering their skills and knowledge association. Trusted Advisor for Clients: The certification should be held for primacy of public interest along with individual approach. The ACS code of ethics makes employees committed with building skills and knowledge (Chang 2016). Hence, one individual with certification from ACS code of ethics should perform a role of advisor for the clients to ensure ethical guidance among the practitioners and professionals. Acquire Best Position for Ensuring Success in Career: The ACS employment survey demonstrated that certified professionals should earn vendor certifications. ACS assessment of employees should ensure career success for them stating competence in knowledge and professional development. Preparation for Opportunities: The disruptive technology at stake does not pick major opportunities for employees, ethical conduct does (Faruq and Tatnall 2016). ACS certification is technology-skeptic, vendor-cynic, and mostly focuses over transferrable expertise. The certification is relevant to employees and customers for focusing over expertise. Hence, the discussion is confronted with showing some events of ethical dilemma and issues. Afterwards, issues and raising questions were subjected to ACS code of ethics and certification under suitable professionalism and professional development (Patil 2016). The principles were demonstrated to depict the employee activities, their capabilities and responsibility leading to organization standard. Conclusion After the ethical and regulatory standards have been draw out in the essay, the major conclusions can be prepared with depicting the gaps in ethics. Ethical consideration is major for any organization in ICT and information technology adoption in organizations. Mostly, the organizations have bigger responsibilities asserted to employees with confronting six major principles. Nonetheless, these said standards are the local law enactment necessities, as well as the standards were should have been considered for any utilization of innovation outcomes. The innovation can be used for the association and/or the more extensive group of assets. On the off chance that on ICT expert is taking after this ACS code of morals, he or she ought not permit any unscrupulous or improper utilization of innovation; they ought to frustrate deceptive utilization of innovation submit to ACS code. Furthermore, the ACS code of ethics is incorporated in the essay for showing ethical guidelines to ensure compet ence, professionalism, professional development, honesty, primacy of public interest, and quality of life enhancement. References Al-Saggaf, Y., Burmeister, O.K. and Weckert, J., 2016. Perceptions of incompetence in the ICT workplace.ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society,45(3), pp.11-17. Aynsley, B., 2015. Ethics essential for ICT professionals. [online] https://www.theaustralian.com.au/. Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/technology/opinion/ethics-essential-for-ict-professionals/news-story/78307af0586683a61e7a0d537c5f6cf8 [Accessed 1 Nov. 2016]. Boddy, J. and Dominelli, L., 2016. Social Media and Social Work: The Challenges of a New Ethical Space.Australian Social Work, pp.1-13. Chang, W.W.M., 2016. Digital competence and professional development of vocational education and training teachers in Queensland. Edwards, J., 2016. Cloud computing services: Professional obligations and ethics.Brief,43(3), p.32. Faruq, Q.O. and Tatnall, A., 2016. Adoption of ICT in Implementing Primary Health Care: Achievements of the Twenty-First Century.International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation (IJANTTI),8(1), pp.55-64. Ferguson, S., Thornley, C. and Gibb, F., 2016. Beyond codes of ethics: how library and information professionals navigate ethical dilemmas in a complex and dynamic information environment.International Journal of Information Management,36(4), pp.543-556. Hemsley, B., Georgiou, A., Carter, R., Hill, S., Higgins, I., van Vliet, P. and Balandin, S., 2016. Use of the My Health Record by people with communication disability in Australia A review to inform the design and direction of future research.Health Information Management Journal, p.1833358316652060. Keeble, R., 2016. Publication ethics: stressing the positive.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,14(1), pp.20-23. Lang, C., Craig, A. and Casey, G., 2016. A pedagogy for outreach activities in ICT: promoting peer to peer learning, creativity and experimentation.British Journal of Educational Technology. Leicester, N., 2016. Ethics in the IT Profession: Does a Code of Ethics have an Effect on Professional Behaviour?. Lloyd, M., Downes, T. and Romeo, G., 2016. Positioning ICT in Teachers Career Path: ICT Competency as an Integral Part of Teacher Standards (Australia). InDiverse Approaches to Developing and Implementing Competency-based ICT Training for Teachers: A Case Study(Vol. 1, pp. 21-44). UNESCO Bangkok. Patil, S.G., 2016. An Overview of Digital Challenges and Users expectation in IT era related to Library Profession. Ponce, M.I. and Gomez, J., 2016. Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) and Pre-Service Education Professionals: A Case Study of Motivation and Knowledge.International Journal of Educational Excellence,(2016) Vol,2, pp.63-79. Tondeur, J., Forkosh-Baruch, A., Prestridge, S., Albion, P. and Edirisinghe, S., 2016. Responding to challenges in teacher professional development for ICT integration in education.Educational Technology Society,19(3), pp.110-121. Warren, M. and Lucas, R., 2016. Ethics and ICT: Why all the fuss?.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,14(2).
Friday, November 29, 2019
Monday, November 25, 2019
Hitler Good leader Compared to Odysseus Essay Example
Hitler Good leader Compared to Odysseus Essay Example Hitler Good leader Compared to Odysseus Paper Hitler Good leader Compared to Odysseus Paper The Odyssey Was Hitler a good leader? He was a good leader; Hitler was well spoken, very charismatic and very persuasive. He had a way to get others to follow and believe in his visions and beliefs. 1. He is both a good leader and hero. Hero he never backed down from a fight, he left Ithaca not knowing he will return. He is a leader because he is fearless, cautious and sneaky. Fearless in any obstacle he has to face, he has everything he has against monsters, gods. He fought Circe when she turned his men into pigs, and facing all those suitors that try and take his place as king. As he approaches obstacles, he always finds a solution. As he approaches the Sirens, he orders his men to put beeswax in their ears to prevent them from crashing their ships due to their beautiful and enchanting songs. Without Odysseus cautiousness, his crew would have risk everyones lives by going into dangerous situations. A hero is someone who does something courageous or valiant, anyone can be a hero. A leader is someone who can easily take control of a situation and direct, take charge of people, or motivate people; only a select few people are truly natural leaders. Not all heroes are leaders, some in situations think of themselves and not the big picture. Most leaders can be heroes, it takes a lot of courage to take upon a responsibility and carry that throughout. Like Odysseus he was both a hero and a leader. He saved his men multiple times making him a hero and he was a great leader in which everyone respected him for. When trapped in the cave of Polymers Odysseus acts like a leader coming up with a brilliant plan that help his men escape, making him a hero in the end. Leaders need to have certain attributions such as Honesty- Leaders have o be honest, those under your charge must trust you, and if they do not then they will not follow. Responsibility- Making decisions and living up to the consequences. Good leaders do not blame others for what they have done, they deal with the situation. Confidence- Believing in one self is important for a leader because if you do not and others see they will not trust or follow. Enthusiasm-Having energy and emphasizing the importance of what you mean. If you cannot get a crowd to move or get their attention then no one will listen or follow. Reliability- Being a leader people kook for you to be the back support of a group. They rely on you to get them to the situation. Patience- Needed in order to be able to explain, teach, and demonstrate the charges or simple things to anyone. Determination- See tasks through to the bitter end, and keeps your charges motivated to continue. Loyalty- Being committed to whatever you believe and making people have the faith in you. Courage- As a leader, you must have courage in order to be decisive. You cant be afraid of failure, or else you will not be able to function as a leader. Have the courage to stick to your invocations or go with a gut instinct. Dont be afraid to try a new approach. Cyclops, you ask my honorable name? Remember the gift you promised me, I shall tell you. My name is Nobody: mother, father, and friends, everyone calls me Nobody (9. 395-398) Steer wide; keep well to seaward; plug your oarsmans ear with beeswax kneaded soft; none of the rest should hear that song (12. 57-60). Mimi took my house to still alive. Contempt was all you had for the gods who rule wide heaven, contempt for what men say of you hereafter. Your last hour has come. You die in blood (12. 38-43).
Friday, November 22, 2019
Ideas Of Death In Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Ideas Of Death In Epic Of Gilgamesh - Essay Example He has another dream in which the afterlife is revealed to him. The vision of the afterlife is grim and depressing: those who had lived as royalty once now toiled as servants for eternity. Enkidu's vision makes even Gilgamesh weep with sorrow for his friend. In Enkidu's instance, then, the familiar pattern of Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance follows its course but in a slightly more compact way. Enkidu begins with anger at the gods Shamash, Ishtar and the mortal hunter and Shamhat. He then goes into depression, following the dream of the afterlife. Enkidu finally moves on to acceptance as begins to take responsibility for his foolhardy actions that have led to his death. This same course does not follow in the case of Gilgamesh. Enkidu comes to terms with his death before he passes on, but Gilgamesh is far from being so accepting. In fact, the proof of his friend's mortality only eggs him on to search for ways of avoiding the same fate. If this quality of Gilgame sh ââ¬â a mixture of hubris and courage ââ¬â that make him both admirable and detestable as a hero. While readers are in awe of his strength and courage in the face of dangers like the bull or Humbaba, there is also a certain distaste one might feel at his arrogance and self-obsession. Not only does he, as king, exploit his subjects, he even attempts to take on mortality itself. This quest for immortality is what predominates over the next section of the narrative. Enkidu's example serves to emphasize the inevitability of death.
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Marketing Analysis of the Country of Zaire Research Paper
Marketing Analysis of the Country of Zaire - Research Paper Example Its capital is Kinshasa and its people are called Zairian (Library of Congress Country Studies, 1993). "Known as the Belgian Congo up until its independence in June 1960, unrest and rebellion plagued the new government until 1965, when Lieutenant General Joseph-Dsir Mobutu, by then commander-in-chief of the national army, seized control of the country and declared himself president for five years" (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc, 2009). Geography. The over-all land area is 2,343,950 square kilometers / 904765 square miles and with a generally high temperature and humidity. Two wet and two dry seasons are observed during the year with an average annual temperature of 25C (Library of Congress Country Studies, 1993). Demography. The over-all population of the country is recorded at 53,624,718 and a density of 22.88 per sq. kilometer. A study of Shapiro in 1995 has found out that the population grows by 3% annually over the past 30 years (Shapiro, 1995). This figure has not increased much then. The birth rate is 46.02 births/ 1000 population while the death rate is at 15.15 deaths/ 1000 population. Life expectancy at birth is recorded at 48.94 years.
Monday, November 18, 2019
The growing globalization of markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
The growing globalization of markets - Essay Example People visiting Cadbury World are provided for a complete experience of the company's chocolate-making process through a detailed tour, which starts from the main exhibitions and culminates to the shop. The company strives to impress on its customers the thoroughness of the activities that compromise its chocolate-making process. Thus, the service concept of Cadbury World is very customer-oriented and informative. In addition, the company also strives to make sure it maintains a happy staff, believing that happy employees result in happy customers. "According to the American Marketing Association, marketing research is the systematic gathering, recording, and analysing of data about problems relating to the marketing of goods and services." (SBA, Marketing research.) Although market research is imperfect science, it deals with customers and their continual changes feels and behaviours, which are influenced by innumerable subjective causes. (SBA, Marketing research.) Marketing mix represents the total marketing programme of Cadbury Company. It involves decision, with regards to product, price, place and promotion. Marketing mix serves the linkage between a business firm and its customer. Thus marketing mix is a blending of decisions in the 4 P's. It is a system comprising the subsystems of product, promotion and distribution. These elements of the marketing mix are interrelated because decisions in one area affect the others. Marketing mix is a dynamic concept as it keeps on changing with changes in markets and the environment Philip Kotler has defined the term marketing mix as "the set of controllable variables that the firm can use to influence the buyer's response". (59) The marketing mix denotes a combination of various elements, which in their totality constitute Cadbury's "marketing system". These elements are often described as FOUR P's: Product, Price, Distribution (Place) and Promotion. Concept of Market
Saturday, November 16, 2019
The Lack Of Exposure And Practice Community
The Lack Of Exposure And Practice Community In Malaysia we have the Bahasa Malaysia as the national language but because of Malaysia is a multiethnic country, we have a variety type of language and dialect in the community (Eg : the Chinese community speaks Cantonese or mandarin and the Indian community speaks Hindi). People and student will tends to use their own dialect / language to speak among with their classmate due to they are more comfortable and fluency in speaking the respective language. It is also a fact that majority of the parent will talk to their children by using their own language instead of English (Hentan, 2011). As we are aware, practice makes perfect and therefore, English will need to be part of our life in order to be more fluent in the language. Education In the 1970s, teaching medium in national-type primary and secondary school was changed from English to Bahasa Malaysia. Due to this changes, Malaysian who studied in national-type school were less exposed to the English language as all important subject were being thought in Bahasa Malaysia except for the English language itself. Some students who continue their tertiary education in private institution only started to get full exposure of the English language as English is being used to teach in all subjects. Unfortunately, the sudden switch in teaching medium creates fear among the student who are weak in the language and therefore these students are afraid to communicate and interact during classes. While in public institutions, Bahasa Malaysia was continue as a medium of instruction and unluckily, these group of students did not even get any chance to expose themselves in the English Language. According to Teoh (2011), academicians are not surprise that proficiency in English am ong local graduates are at a declining stage as students were less exposed and lack of foundation in English language. 310 words The awareness of English importance. Many of the students do not know the important role of English language in today society and student study and memorize English just to pass the exam in education. Hence, students self developed a bad attitude towards learning the language and makes them not interested to explore and obsess in the language. It was mentioned by Teoh (2011) that the status of English decreased to such a level that it became simply a subject of study like other subjects such as history, geography, and physics and another reason is the lack of emphasis on English as it now not a compulsory subject to pass Students need to understand that most of the sources or information related to science, business, technology and medicine are mostly written in English. Therefore, before a student can grasp hold of the related industrys information, they will need to have powerful command in English. Gooch (2009) mentioned that student does not aware the importance of English until the enter the working world and these lead to student unwillingness to lean proper English language. We need to face the fact that many important knowledges is in English and we cannot really convey certain concept in other languages. 203words Lack of well trained English tutor. Quality old teachers who have a lot of exposure to the English language is retiring gradually. These teachers is being replaced by new and younger teacher which have less exposure to the language and experience. This is certainly true as we are aware that many young graduates could not get hold to a good command in English. Apart from that, there will be young graduates enter the education industry and become and English teach. Therefore, It is not a surprise that most local English teacher now are not equip with the proper skill and knowledge to teach English language. Nowadays, local English tutor often use bilingual methods while teaching in English classes. A English teacher will try to explain in mother language when a student is confused or do not understand during classes. This is a wrong attempt and methodology used as view by English Language Teacher (ELT) specialist, said Kannan (2009). A English teacher has to encourage students to speak in English only during classes. Wit h this, the student will only start to learn while making mistakes and student will be more confident in using the language It is also mentioned by Dr. Khalid (2012) that Teaching languages require skills, competence, training, and thorough knowledge. Thus, it seems foolish to assume that just because someone speaks English he can teach it effectively. Languages is very important in terms of accent, pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary. A teacher without these knowledge might lead to student having the wrong understanding in the language. 257 words Language influenced by nowadays trend it is inevitable that English language is part of the modernization process where nowadays students tend to make changes to the grammars while sending messages through mobile phone, computer or using other communication hardware. These changes basically involve shortening of words by conveniently leaving out vowels and leaving out conjunctions as reported by quicksand (2012). In addition, some words even replaced with digit when the pronunciation of the particular word spell or sound similar to the numbers. Below is an example of nowadays trend in messaging Immediately, the trend of shortening messages is widely influenced and accepted by people around the world due to it would save up individual time having to spell out every single word or letter. As this have been adopted by most student, mastering English in grammar and spelling will become a problem for these students as they are used to write in such a way. 186 words
Wednesday, November 13, 2019
resistance in denmark :: essays research papers
The occupation of a country subjects both the people and the invaders to a strange game of mutual suspicion: The occupier acts like a new owner and wants the tenants to behave and pay the rent on time, but those invaded feel violated ââ¬â they know the country, by right, belongs to them, and while they cannot physically throw the occupiers out, they may well want to resist the invader's terms. Perhaps, if the invader finds the game is not worth the effort, he will leave. Or perhaps he will start killing uncooperative tenants. But the game gives one major advantage to those occupied: They will define the extent to which they are going to cooperate. And the offender, ironically, will have to defend his ill-gotten gains. The Danish resisters took the offensive against German occupying forces. Through symbolic and cultural protests, they asserted their right to govern their own lives, and that strengthened public morale ââ¬â which inspired bolder resistance. Through strikes, defiance at work sites, and damage to physical property, nonviolent resisters attacked the economic interests of the invaders. Through underground publishing, an alternate network of communication was established, to subvert the lies of the occupiers' propaganda. By involving so many civilians in strikes, demonstrations, and other forms of opposition, Danish resisters forced the Germans to stop violent reprisals and suspend curfews. They denied the Nazis their prime goal, on which other objectives depended: making the fact of occupation normal. By definition, a successful military invasion gives the occupier superiority on the ground and in the air, in the ability to use physical force and violence. Despite that, when a military invader loses control of what the people read and believe, of when and if they work, of how they spend their money ââ¬â when the occupiers are constantly on the defensive, as they try to maintain their position ââ¬â their ability to command events is detached from their ability to use violence. War contorts the history of the nations it touches, but it also exhibits the greatness of their peoples. The Danes challenged the most barbaric regime of the modern period and did so not with troops or tanks but with singing, striking, going home to garden, and standing in public squares. Yet the power they brought to bear in resisting the Nazis did not come only from these things. It came first from the essential decision
Monday, November 11, 2019
Lord Alfred Tennysonââ¬â¢s Crossing the Bar Essay
Lord Alfred Tennysonââ¬â¢s Crossing the Bar is an allegory of death, imagined as a journey on an infinite sea. The speaker in the poem, who is the author himself, muses on the call that urges him to ââ¬Å"cross the barâ⬠. The whole work is therefore constructed on this principal metaphor, the crossing of the sand barrier and the plunge into the infinite journey on the sea. What is significant in the poem is the way in which Tennyson perceives death. While death is usually perceived as closure, in Crossing the Bar it is understood as a religious encounter. Death is not only the resolution of earthly life but also the beginning of the afterlife. The imagery of the poem is extremely suggestive for the death theme. Notably, the poet does not focus on the end of life and the pain of separation, but only on the experience that expects him after death. The fact that death is pictured as a threshold and afterlife as a vast sea indicates that the author embarks on this journey without regret. The journey is meant to begin at twilight, which again alludes to the end of life and the beginning of a new experience: ââ¬Å"Twilight and evening bell, / And after that the dark! â⬠(Tennyson 203). The poet also emphasizes that there should be no mourning to accompany him, as he crosses the bar. This idea enhances the poetââ¬â¢s optimistic view of death. The only sound to be heard, that of the dormant tide, is also symbolic. First of all, the drowsiness of the sea emphasizes the idea of death. Also, the retractile movement of the waves expresses the idea that the idea that the traveler will not return from his voyage this time. Death will only be the beginning of eternity and the poet will find the divinity on the other side: For tho from out our borne of Time and Place The flood may bare me far, I hope to see my Pilot face to face When I have crost the bar. (Tennyson 203) The place after death cannot be mapped by earthly coordinates, such as time and place. Interestingly however, there remains one valid landmark which ensures that the poet will never get lost or suffer in solitude: the pilot. The pilot is obviously a symbol for the spiritual guidance offered by the divinity in both earthly existence and in the afterlife. Thus, Tennysonââ¬â¢s Crossing the Bar is a metaphorical representation of death, as a voyage into the infinite unknown. The sand bar represents death, while the unlimited sea is the symbol of everlasting life. The most striking figure of the poem is the pilot, an image of the divinity, who awaits the poet on the other side. The boundless sea lacks any earthly coordinates, while it retains only that of spiritual guidance. Through this poem, Tennyson represents death as a passage into a purely spiritual life, guided by God. ? Works Cited: Tennyson, Lord Alfred. Selected Poems (New Oxford English Series). New York: Oxford University Press, 1963.
Saturday, November 9, 2019
Symbolism throughout the novel Beloved essays
Symbolism throughout the novel Beloved essays Beloved, a novel written by Toni Morrison is more than a fiction. When composing her book, Morrison used many different writing techniques to make it the best possible. One particular technique used throughout Beloved is symbolism. Symbolism is found in the number references used, nature and the characters portrayed. Many numbers used in Beloved are actually more than what they are written out to be. A common number used, is the address of Sethes home, 124 Bluestone Road. Their house, which use to be a railway station is located in the outskirts of Cincinnati, Ohio. The main character, Sethe had four children in her lifetime. Her house number indicates those four children, but leaves out the third born (being Beloved). Her remaining three children: Denver, Howard and Burglar are the ones resembled in the numeric address. Also in Beloved, single numbers like two, three and five show up in many different parts. The number two implies a unity (Livraghi). In this novel, two and four come up when Morrison relates to children and sex. Sex is usually viewed as in a couple, a pair of two (Elwell). When two people come together, they make a whole. With children, Baby Suggs had eight children; four girls and four boys (Morrison, 209). Seth had four children: two girls and two boys. Also, the number five appears in Beloved many times. There are five fingers on a hand. An outstretched, open hand is usually an offering or blessing (Adams), and when Morrison writes about the characters receiving aid or giving help, the number five usually shows up. Amy Denver, who met Sethe on her flee from Sweet Home was said to have hair enough for five heads (Morrison 32, 77). Amys hands were often referred to strong and good hands, helped with the birth of Sethes baby Denver. In Beloved, numbers play an important role. They convey thoughts in a form of shorthand (Elwell), giving this novel a deeper sense of ...
Wednesday, November 6, 2019
Night8 essays
Night8 essays Wiesels Night is about what the Holocaust did, not just to the Jews, but, by extension, to humanity. The disturbing disregard for human beings, or the human body itself, still to this day, exacerbates fear in the hearts of men and women. The animalistic act by the Nazis has scarred mankind eternally with abhorrence and discrimination; as a result, acts of bigotry continue to infest society into the 21st century. It seems impossible that the examination of ones health, by a doctor, can result in the death of a human being if he appears unhealthy. Elie, his father, and millions of other Jews go through this formidable selection. Its a process that is dreaded and feared by all Jews. Nobody knows who will be "selected," and how he will die, as they all line up and wait to see who lives and who doesnt. In a similar fashion, many different "selections" exist in society today. For instance at Durfee High School, three thousand students are divided into various groups. They are placed in these various categories because of their clothing, attitude, intelligence, nationality, and athletic ability. There are the preps, the freaks, the gangsters, the skaters, the jocks, the nerds, the Americans, the Portuguese, the Africans, the Cambodians, the Hispanics, the Puerto Ricans, the Japanese, and the Chinese. Everyone in the world is a part of some selection, whether its for political views, wealth, or lack thereof. The brutality of the Holocaust drives many to abandon a family member or loved one. For example, when the son of Rabbi Eliahou sees his father losing ground, limping, and falling to the rear of the column, he continues to run on, growing distant from his father. The son feels as if his father can no longer go on anymore. Elies feelings are mutual, for his father is taking him for granted. He is like a metal weight attached to Elies foot by a rope. Sooner or later, Elie must ...
Monday, November 4, 2019
Voting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Voting - Essay Example Americans have more opportunities to vote then any other country in the world, and the impact of voting is felt in every aspect of American life. From the beginning of American history, it has been proven that voting is important. History highlights the importance of voting and the terrible conditions that occur when this right does not exist or is suppressed. During the Revolutionary Era the French, Haitians, and Americans recognized the destructive power of living under a government without a voice. The French masses starved while the aristocrats dinned well under the regime of Louise XIV. Like the Americans, the masses were taxed heavily without representation. No taxation without representation was an ideology that spurred on the American Revolution once the Stamp Act was enacted. In addition, after the implementation of the Stamp Act, "ordinary people came together to call for the boycotting of British goods" (Woods, 1992, p. 244). People began to understand how coming together to influence policy would make a difference in government. The Haitian Revolution demonstrates the biggest impact of living under a government without representation. There were 600,000 black slaves living in Haiti (Girard, 2005). The other ruling groups were comprised of French Officials, white planters, and free blacks total population was approximately 60,000 (Girard, 2005). As the Americans and French lived under unfair laws, the Haitian slaves lived under the Black Codes (Ros, 1991). The Black Codes invited white men and women planters to decide the fate of a black slave on a whim. One woman burned her slave alive in an oven, because of a slightly burnt pie (Ros, 1991). There weren't Civil Rights for the 600,000 slaves, who were bound to the earth and deprived of social mobility. They lived in dirty huts in a society where torture instruments were hung in the windows of prominent businesses (Girard, 2005). The Haitian, French, and Americans eventually won their freedom, but it was at great risks and many deaths. The sacrifices made the n and the perils the people endured emphasize the importance of the average person participating in the government. Common people must remain vigilant to the new laws created and make sure they benefit the entire society. No pure democracy is in existence. Democracy is a work in progress. Constant participation by the public is vital to ensure there is a balance in society, where the average person has a voice. Next, with the protective laws passed such as the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Civil Rights Act, and the American with Disabilities Act, many Americans feel they are safe from unfair treatment. They don't need to participate in the government or provide balance. The current governmental system will simply take care of itself and them. Voting isn't necessary. Yet, there are a growing number of individuals that don't believe that we need regulatory laws that will govern discriminatory behavior. A very popular American President, Ronald Regan supported this notion. He "enacted the Executive Order 12991 in 1981, where no regulatory action can be undertaken unless the potential benefits to society outweigh the potential cost" (Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, 2007, p. 4). Supporters of this policy state that businesses want to make profit. They will hire the most qualified person without discriminating, because it will give them a strategic
Saturday, November 2, 2019
CVS Pharmacy Essay Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
CVS Pharmacy Essay Project - Research Paper Example As an organization, CVS is well aware of the fact that a companyââ¬â¢s culture has got great impact on its customers and performance. They are very much successful of building up their identity as one of the biggest pharmacy innovation company. To be precise, the organizational culture of CVS could be highlighted in three ways. The CVS has a tradition to honor their best employees with appreciation by means of awards and incentives. This creates a motivational boom within the employees and they tend to work harder. At the end of each calendar year two Award functions are held at CVS. Paragon Awards to honor the best employees in different departments. Chairmanââ¬â¢s Awards are held to appreciate the members of the corporate management. This not only motivates the employees but by following this tradition CVS is able to produce remarkable results as an organization. One of the best parts of CVSââ¬â¢s culture is their diverse management. This enables CVS to satisfy the needs of the customer and provide them with best of their services (Berlinski, 2006). Diversity helps them to attract and maintain the talented people to work for them. The management always welcomes new innovations and ideas for improvement from their colleagues and everyone has equal right to contribute to the success. It was completely an honor and pleasure to use the CVS Care Mark a couple of weeks before. One of the best customer services that I have ever witnessed till date. As I entered into the store I was greeted with immense respect as if I was a celebrity. The name of the lady who guided me through was Lorna. It was so nice to see such a helpful clerk working in the store who makes its customers feel so comfortable. The most unique part of the CVS Caremark is its instant response to the customers need. I can say this because the moment I placed my order,
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